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69 articles from SUNDAY 27.5.2012
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SUNDAY 27. MAY, 2012
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23:30
Starwatch: The June night sky
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22:49
Astronauts to Spend Memorial Day Unpacking
There'll be no relaxing this long weekend for astronauts aboard the space station. -
22:34
Dot Earth Blog: Something to Cluck About – A Bill Endorsed by Egg Producers and Animal Campaigners
Animal welfare campaigners and egg producers embrace Senate legislation aiding hens.
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21:38
'Unzipped' carbon nanotubes could help energize fuel cells and batteries
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes riddled with defects and impurities on the outside could replace some of the expensive platinum catalysts used in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, according to scientists.
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21:38The electric power industry expects eventually to implement carbon capture of emissions in order to reduce greenhouse gases, yet today's best technology eats up 30 percent of a plant's power. Scientists have now created a computer model that analyzes the millions of possible porous capture structures, from zeolites to MOFs, to pinpoint ones that can improve energy efficiency, so that chemists can synthesize and test them for future use.
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21:38It took some 10 million years for Earth to recover from the greatest mass extinction of all time, latest research has revealed.
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21:38Scientists have manufactured a new protein that can combat deadly flu epidemics. The research demonstrates ways to use manufactured genes as antivirals, which disable key functions of the flu virus.
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21:38Are members of the public divided about climate change because they don't understand the science behind it? If Americans knew more basic science and were more proficient in technical reasoning, would public consensus match scientific consensus? A new study suggests that the answer to both questions is no.
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21:38By pairing an intimate knowledge of immune-system function with a deep understanding of statistical physics, a cross-disciplinary team has arrived at a surprising finding: T cells use a movement strategy to track down parasites that is similar to strategies that predators such as monkeys, sharks and bluefin tuna use to hunt their prey.
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21:37The prediction, one season ahead, of summer heat waves in Europe remains a challenge. A new study shows that summer heat in Europe rarely develops after rainy winter and spring seasons over Southern Europe. Conversely dry seasons are either followed by hot or cold summers. The predictability of summer heat is therefore asymmetric. Climate projections indicate a drying of Southern Europe. The study suggests that this asymmetry should create a favorable situation for the development of more summer heat waves with however a modified seasonal predictability from winter and spring rainfall.
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21:37Scientists have developed an ultra-sensitive test that should enable them to detect signs of a disease in its earliest stages.
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21:36Newfound details of the immune system suggest a role for never-before-considered drug classes in the treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases, according to a new study. The results advance the current understanding of the way the body’s initial, vague reaction to any invading organism expands into a precise and massive counterattack.
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21:36Geneticists have identified the mutation responsible for IMAGe syndrome, a rare disorder that stunts infants’ growth. The twist? The mutation occurs on the same gene for a disease that makes cells grow too fast, leading to extra-large children.
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21:26
Research group pleaded with protesters to call off their threat to destroy trials – and even offered to fund public debate
The phrase "Frankenfood" entered tabloid English at the turn of the last century when protesters, backed by the green movement, trashed GM crops wearing white overalls and face masks as an emotive PR tactic.
Much of the early opposition to GM crops was aimed at multinational companies, especially Monsanto, whose heavy-handed approach to public concern stoked resentment and mistrust. When asked in 1998 about the safety of GM foods, one senior Monsanto figure in the US said: "Our interest is in selling as much of it as possible. Assuring its safety is the FDA's job."
Monsanto's dismissive response was clumsy even for big business. The public sector scientists at Rothamsted Research, who are growing an experimental GM wheat crop with no commercial backing, are a different breed. When the anti-GM group, Take the Flour Back, declared a day of mass action to destroy their plants, they invited the protesters to discuss the work. They recorded a video, in which each scientist in turn appealed directly to the campaigners not to go through with their threat. They pleaded with them to at least spare an unrelated experiment, which began in the fields around Rothamsted in 1843.
The campaigners' response was to propose a public debate at a neutral venue, where both sides could argue their case. The scientists agreed and offered to pay for the event, only for the campaigners to pull out days later.
This was a new strategy for crop scientists, born though it was from desperation. When protesters threatened GM trials before, many researchers simply kept their heads down and their fingers crossed. The fate of their trials was left to the local constabulary. The Rothamsted scientists have won public support. In stark contrast to the 1990s, the media overwhelmingly condemned the campaigners' threat of vandalism.
The GM wheat at Rothamsted is modified to produce a scent undetectable to the human nose, which the main wheat pests, such as greenfly and blackfly aphids, release when under attack from predators. The chemical acts as an alarm call that prompts other aphids to scarper. Some 400 plant species, including peppermint, make the same chemical, although whether it serves to protect them from pests is not entirely clear.
The GM wheat trial hopes to find answers to many questions. Does a crop that produces a steady waft of aphid alarm pheromone repel the pests? Or are the insects indifferent if the chemical is not released in bursts, as happens in nature? Does the pheromone attract aphid predators to the crops, as suspected? Can the wheat be grown with less pesticide? What are the knock-on effects on other organisms? The viability, and acceptability, of the crop rests on the answers to these questions. The protesters object to the trial on a multitude of grounds. They claim the crops are not proven safe, to people or to the environment. They fear it will not reduce pesticide usage, that the GM strain will ultimately be commercialised by industry, and that it could lead to contamination.
guardian.co.uk © 2012 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
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21:24
Land and sea species differ in climate change response: study
(Phys.org) -- Marine and terrestrial species will likely differ in their responses to climate warming, new research by Simon Fraser University and Australia’s University of Tasmania has found. -
21:00
The space agency issues guidelines to safeguard the heritage of lunar exploration, but can it really expect full compliance?
It is, in its way, a giant leap for mankind: Nasa has just issued guidelines for the treatment and protection of historical sites on the moon, even though nobody has been there for 40 years, and nobody has plans to visit any time soon. The Acropolis, by contrast, attracted sightseers for centuries before anyone thought to make a rule about not chipping off bits and taking them home.
Such guidelines may seem a bit hypocritical – if you really cared about something, you wouldn't leave it on the moon – but Nasa was prompted to act by the race to land a robot on the lunar surface: 26 privately funded teams are vying to claim the Google Lunar X prize, worth $20m (£13m).
Nasa is proposing to keep the robots out of certain exclusion zones in order to preserve artefacts including hardware from Apollo lunar modules, wire-stiffened US flags, astronaut footprints and ongoing moon experiments. But if it expects full compliance, it really should just put up a sign: "Welcome to the Moon. Please Don't Touch Anything."
guardian.co.uk © 2012 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
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20:26
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20:24Multi-walled carbon nanotubes riddled with defects and impurities on the outside could replace some of the expensive platinum catalysts used in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, according to scientists at Stanford University. Their findings are published in the May 27 online edition of the journal Nature Nanotechnology.
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20:24It took some 10 million years for Earth to recover from the greatest mass extinction of all time, latest research has revealed.
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20:24At first glance, it's hard to see how a common house sparrow and a Tyrannosaurus Rex might have anything in common. After all, one is a bird that weighs less than an ounce, and the other is a dinosaur that was the size of a school bus and tipped the scales at more than eight tons.
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20:24When power plants begin capturing their carbon emissions to reduce greenhouse gases – and to most in the electric power industry, it's a question of when, not if – it will be an expensive undertaking.
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20:24An international research team has manufactured a new protein that can combat deadly flu epidemics.
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20:24Scientists have developed an ultra-sensitive test that should enable them to detect signs of a disease in its earliest stages, in research published today in the journal Nature Materials.
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20:24Are members of the public divided about climate change because they don't understand the science behind it? If Americans knew more basic science and were more proficient in technical reasoning, would public consensus match scientific consensus?
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18:30
Naposledy aktualizované zdroje
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BBC Science/Nature (dnes, 11:20)
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CBC - Technology & Science News (dnes, 11:12)
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Technology Review Feed - Tech Review Top Stories (dnes, 06:00)
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EurekAlert (dnes, 06:00)
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Yahoo! (dnes, 02:45)
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ScienceNOW (dnes, 01:26)
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National Geographic News (dnes, 01:12)
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Sci-Tech Today (23. 5, 23:14)
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NASA (17. 5, 02:56)
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TIME (27. 7, 08:30)
