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377 articles from TUESDAY 10.7.2012

• TUESDAY 10. JULY, 2012
• 06:00 Receiving chemotherapy following removal of type of cancer near pancreas may improve survival

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  Patients who had surgery for periampullary cancer (a variety of types of cancer that are located in and near the head of the pancreas, including an area called the ampulla where the bile duct joins up with the pancreatic duct to empty their secretions into the upper small intestine) and received chemotherapy had a statistically significant survival benefit, compared to patients who did not receive chemotherapy, after adjusting for prognostic variables, according to a study in the July 11 issue of JAMA.  

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• 06:00 Researchers develop new possibilities for solar power

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  Two Queen's researchers have contributed to a significant breakthrough in solar technology. Their research has led to a new solar photovoltaic thermal system that generates both electricity and heat.  

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• 06:00 Researchers develop secure protocol for linking data registries for HPV surveillance

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  Dr. Khaled El-Emam and his team at the CHEO Research Institute have developed a secure protocol that allows the linking of individual patient records without revealing personal information, which has been published in PLoS ONE.  

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• 06:00 Reward sensitivity increases food 'wanting' following television 'junk food' commercials

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  Global obesity rates have been partly attributed to the easy access of cheap, high calorie food. However, many individuals exposed to the same food lie well within the healthy weight range. Reward sensitivity has been proposed as a key trait predisposing some individuals to be highly attracted to cues linked with appetitive food. We tested whether reward-sensitive individuals would experience greater pleasure ("liking") and urge to eat ("wanting") after watching television commercials featuring "junk food."  

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• 06:00 Rising carbon dioxide in atmosphere also speeds carbon loss from forest soils, IU-led research finds

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  Elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide accelerate carbon cycling and soil carbon loss in forests, new research led by an Indiana University biologist has found. The new evidence supports an emerging view that although forests remove a substantial amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, much of the carbon is being stored in living woody biomass rather than as dead organic matter in soils.  

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• 06:00 Satellite sees 2 tropical cyclones chase Tropical Storm Daniel

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  A panoramic satellite image shows an active eastern Pacific Ocean with three tropical systems that appear to be chasing each other. Tropical Storm Daniel approaching the central Pacific Ocean, with major Hurricane Emilia further east, and a developing low pressure area east of Emilia.  

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• 06:00 Scientists at the Mainz University Medical Center gain new insights into Taspase1 function

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  Scientists at the University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in Germany identified a novel strategy to target the oncologically relevant protein-cleaving enzyme Taspase1. Taspase1 levels are not only elevated in cancer cells of patients with head and neck tumors and other solid malignancies but the enzyme is also critical for the development of leukemias. Central to this concept is the approach to inhibit the enzyme's activity by 'gluing together' individual Taspase1 molecules.  

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• 06:00 Searching genomic data faster

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  In the latest issue of Nature Biotechnology, MIT and Harvard University researchers describe a new algorithm that drastically reduces the time it takes to find a particular gene sequence in a database of genomes.  

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• 06:00 Should we sleep more to lose weight?

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  Epidemiological studies suggest a relationship between short sleep duration and metabolic dysfunctions like obesity and type 2 diabetes. While the mechanisms behind these observations are largely unknown, experimental investigations point to an orexigenic effect of acute sleep deprivation.  

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• 06:00 Study examines risk of poor birth outcomes following H1N1 vaccination

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  In studies examining the risk of adverse outcomes after receipt of the influenza A(H1N1) vaccine, infants exposed to the vaccine in utero did not have a significantly increased risk of major birth defects, preterm birth, or fetal growth restriction; while in another, study researchers found a small increased risk in adults of the nervous system disorder, Guillain-Barre syndrome, during the four to eight weeks after vaccination, according to two studies in the July 11 issue of JAMA.  

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• 06:00 Study reveals new mechanism that might promote cancer's growth and spread in the body

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  Researchers have discovered a previously unknown mechanism that promotes the growth and spread of cancer. The mechanism involves key immune cells and a new role for small regulatory molecules called microRNA. The findings suggest a new strategy for treating cancer and perhaps diseases of the immune system.  

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• 06:00 Subtle goal reminders, known as primes, can offset hedonic effects of food and facilitate health behavior

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  Research on the non-conscious processes underlying the common difficulties in weight control has shown that palatable food cues can activate reward expectations and a hedonic eating goal, facilitating overeating. These processes are especially prevalent in people struggling with weight regulation. In this talk, I will briefly review how subtle external goal primes can be used to offset these effects and direct motivated behavior toward pursuit of the dieting goal.  

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• 06:00 Supporting patient autonomy is critical to improving health

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  Knowing that we should make a lifestyle change to improve our health and actually making that lifestyle change are two very different things. In a new article published in the July issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, psychological scientist Johan Ng of the University of Birmingham and his colleagues investigate the factors that influence our motivation to engage in and adhere to behaviors that promote good health.  

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• 06:00 The magnetic sense

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  Migratory birds and fish use the Earth's magnetic field to find their way. LMU researchers have now identified cells with internal compass needles for the perception of the field - and can explain why high-tension cables perturb the magnetic orientation.  

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• 06:00 The old primates' club: Even male monkeys ride their fathers' coattails to success

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  The significant advantages enjoyed by the male offspring of long-reigning alpha male capuchin monkeys evoke the good old boys' network enjoyed by human males, suggests a new study by a UCLA primatologist.  

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• 06:00 Tiny magnetic particles may help assess heart treatments

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  An initial human study shows magnetic particles can track cells as they move through the body. The technique could be used to evaluate cell-based heart disease treatments.  

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• 06:00 Tobacco use more prevalent among African-American adolescents living in public housing communities

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  A recent study by a University of Missouri researcher found that African-American youths who live in public housing communities are 2.3 times more likely to use tobacco than other African-American youths.  

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• 06:00 Toward achieving 1 million times increase in computing efficiency

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  Northwestern University researchers have created an entirely new family of logic circuits based on magnetic semiconductor devices. The advance could lead to logic circuits up to one million times more power-efficient than today's.  

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• 06:00 Transferable knowledge and skills key to success in education and work; report calls for efforts to incorporate 'deeper learning' into curriculum

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  Educational and business leaders want today's students both to master school subjects and to excel in areas such as problem solving, critical thinking, and communication -- abilities often referred to by such labels as "deeper learning" and "21st-century skills."  

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• 06:00 U-M researchers identify new genetic cause for chronic kidney disease

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  A new single-gene cause of chronic kidney disease has been discovered that implicates a disease mechanism not previously believed to be related, according to research from the University of Michigan.  

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• 06:00 UC Davis study finds stray-bullet shootings frequently harm women and children

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  Most people killed or wounded in stray-bullet shootings were unaware of events leading to the gunfire that caused their injuries, and nearly one-third of the victims were children and nearly half were female, according to a new nationwide study examining an often-overlooked form of gun violence.  

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• 06:00 UI researchers develop technique to help pollution forecasters see past clouds

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  University of Iowa scientists have created a technique to help satellites "see" through the clouds and better estimate the concentration of pollutants, such as soot.  

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• 06:00 UMass Amherst researchers unravel secrets of parasites' replication

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  A group of diseases that kill millions of people each year can't be touched by antibiotics, and some treatment is so harsh the patient can't survive it. They're caused by parasites, and for decades researchers have searched for a "magic bullet" to kill them without harming the patient. Now UMass Amherst microbiologists report the first detailed characterization of the way key proteins in the model parasite Trypanosoma brucei organize to replicate its mitochondrial DNA.  

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• 06:00 Waste to watts: Improving microbial fuel cells

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  Some of the planet's tiniest inhabitants may help address two of society's biggest environmental challenges: How to deal with the vast quantities of organic waste produced and where to find clean, renewable energy. Anode respiring bacteria generate useful energy in a device known as a microbial fuel cell.  

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• 06:00 Weight gain after quitting smoking higher than previously thought

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  Giving up smoking is associated with an average weight gain of four-five kg after 12 months, most of which occurs within the first three months of quitting, finds a study published on bmj.com today.  

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