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69,202 articles from EurekAlert

• TUESDAY 2. MARCH, 2010
• 06:00 Unique educational course helps college students improve diet

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  Teaching college students -- an understudied population for preventing weight gain -- about societal issues related to food and agriculture may help them choose healthier diets, according to research presented at the American Heart Association's 2010 Conference on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism.  

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• 06:00 Using own skin cells to repair hearts on horizon

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  A heart patient's own skin cells soon could be used to repair damaged cardiac tissue thanks to pioneering stem cell research of the University of Houston's newest biomedical scientist, Robert Schwartz. His new technique for reprogramming human skin cells puts him at the forefront of a revolution in medicine that could one day lead to treatments for Alzheimer's, diabetes, muscular dystrophy and many other diseases.  

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• 06:00 Vitamins stored in bathrooms, kitchens may become less effective

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  High humidity present in bathrooms and kitchens could be degrading the vitamins and health supplements stored in those rooms, even if the lids are on tight, a Purdue University study shows.Lisa Mauer, an associate professor of food science, said that crystalline substances are prone to a process called deliquescence, in which humidity causes a water-soluble solid to dissolve. Keeping vitamins and supplements away from warm, humid environments can help ensure their effectiveness.  

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• 06:00 Warning over wave of child eye injuries from liquid detergent capsules

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  In this week's BMJ, senior eye doctors are warning people to keep liquid capsules for fabric detergents out of the reach of children after a wave of eye injuries in young children at their hospital.  

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• 06:00 Webb Telescope's first primary mirror meets cold temperature specifications, sets program landmark

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  The James Webb Space Telescope reached a mission-readiness landmark today when its first primary mirror segment was cryo-polished to its required prescription as measured at operational cryogenic temperatures. This achievement sets the stage for a successful polishing process for the remaining 18 flight mirror segments.  

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• 06:00 Were short warm periods typical for transitions between interglacial and glacial epochs?

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  At the end of the last interglacial epoch, around 115,000 years ago, there were significant climate fluctuations. In Central and Eastern Europe, the slow transition from the Eemian Interglacial to the Weichselian Glacial was marked by a growing instability in vegetation trends with possibly at least two warming events. This is the finding of German and Russian climate researchers who have evaluated geochemical and pollen analyses of lake sediments in Saxony-Anhalt, Brandenburg and Russia.  

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• 06:00 Why do physicians order costly CTs? Ultrasound yields better diagnosis, safer, less costly

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  In a bold, eye-opening editorial in the March 2010 issue of the Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Harvard Professor, Beryl Benacerraf, MD, urges the medical community to use ultrasound instead of Computed Tomography as the first-line imaging test for better diagnosis capability in the evaluation of acute female pelvic and lower abdominal conditions.  

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• 06:00 With just 1 enzyme missing, mice show 'global' metabolic improvements

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  When researchers created mice lacking an enzyme that breaks down and releases stored triglycerides, they expected to see animals with better lipid profiles. But according to a report in the March Cell Metabolism, a Cell Press publication, they got more than they bargained for. The triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH)-deficient mice showed global metabolic benefits, with essentially no downside.  

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• 06:00 Women more affected than men by air pollution when running marathons

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  Findings come from a comprehensive study that evaluated marathon race results, weather data, and air pollutant concentrations in seven marathons over a period of 8 to 28 years. The top three male and female finishing times were compared with the course record and contrasted with air pollutant levels, taking high temperatures that were detrimental to performance into consideration.  

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• MONDAY 1. MARCH, 2010
• 06:00 'Anaconda' meets 'Jurassic Park': Study shows ancient snakes ate dinosaur babies

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  Sixty-seven million years ago, when dinosaur hatchlings first scrambled out of their eggs, their first -- and last -- glimpse of the world might have been the open jaws of a 3.5-meter-long snake named Sanajeh indicus, based on the discovery in India of a nearly complete fossilized skeleton of a primitive snake coiled inside a dinosaur nest.  

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• 06:00 'Biological clock' could be a key to better health, longer life

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  If you aren't getting a good, consistent and regular night's sleep, a new study suggests it could reduce your ability to handle oxidative stress, cause impacts to your health, increase motor and neurological deterioration, speed aging and ultimately cut short your life. That is, if your "biological clock" genes work the same way as those of a fruit fly. And they probably do.  

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• 06:00 'Mean' girls and boys: the downside of adolescent relationships

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  Psychology researchers exploring relational aggression and victimization in 11-13-year-olds have found adolescent boys have a similar understanding and experience of "mean" behaviors and "bitchiness" as girls.  

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• 06:00 A diagnostic approach to alternatives can lead to better decision-making

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  Researchers led by Philip Fernbach, a cognitive and linguistic sciences graduate student, have found that individuals are more likely to consider alternative causes when they make diagnoses than when they make decisions about the future. The findings suggest that framing problems as diagnostic-likelihood judgments can reduce bias. Details will be in the March 2010 edition of Psychological Science.  

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• 06:00 A new generation of rapid-acting antidepressants?

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  In a new issue of Biological Psychiatry, published by Elsevier, researchers from the National Institutes of Health report that another medication, scopolamine, also appears to produce replicable rapid improvement in mood.  

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• 06:00 A primer on aspirating breast lumps

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  A patient with a breast lump that has no features suggesting cancer should still be immediately evaluated, according to a primer for physicians in CMAJ.  

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• 06:00 Academic medical center finds significant amount of inappropriate CT and MRI referrals from primary care physicians

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  A large academic medical center has found that a significant percentage of outpatient referrals they receive from primary care physicians for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies are inappropriate (based upon evidence-based appropriateness criteria developed by a radiology benefits management company), according to a study in the March issue of the Journal of the American College of Radiology.  

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• 06:00 Adding ECG to health exams may prevent sudden cardiac death in young athletes

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  A new study by researchers at the Massachusetts General Hospital Heart Center found that addition of electrocardiogram testing to the standard medical history and physical examination for young athletes may better identify cardiovascular abnormalities responsible for sports-related sudden death.  

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• 06:00 Analytical eye: Viewing through the data jungle

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  Unmanageable volumes of data accumulate in our digitized working world. Scientists are developing analytical techniques that make use of our ability to identify complex data relationships by means of pictorial images.  

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• 06:00 Ancient corals hold new hope for reefs

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  Fossil corals, up to half a million years old, are providing fresh hope that coral reefs may be able to withstand the huge stresses imposed on them by today's human activity.Reef ecosystems were able to persist through massive environmental changes imposed by sharply falling sea levels during previous ice ages, an international scientific team has found. This provides new hope for their capacity to endure the increasing human impacts forecast for the 21st century.  

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• 06:00 Ancient DNA from rare fossil reveals that polar bears evolved recently and adapted quickly

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  A rare, ancient polar bear fossil discovered in Norway in 2004 is yielding a treasure trove of essential information about the age and evolutionary origins of the species whose future is now seen as synonymous with the devastation wrought by climate change.  

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• 06:00 Ancient DNA from rare fossil reveals that polar bears evolved recently and adapted quickly

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  DNA from a rare, ancient polar bear fossil is yielding information about the response of the species to the devastation wrought by past climate changes. Analyses of the fossil's DNA reveals key pieces of the evolutionary history of both polar bears and brown bears. The fossil's DNA is, by far, the oldest mammal mitochondrial genome to be sequenced -- about twice the age of the oldest genome sequence from a woolly mammoth.  

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• 06:00 Anterior cingulate cortex activity may represent a neurobiological risk for alcohol dependence

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  Activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been associated with risk factors for alcohol use disorders in adolescents. A new study has used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine ACC activity among adults.The increased ACC activation found during a working-memory task among alcohol-dependent participants may be an indicator of less control over alcohol-consuming behavior.  

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• 06:00 Antifreeze proteins can stop ice melt, new study finds

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  The same antifreeze proteins that keep organisms from freezing in cold environments also can prevent ice from melting at warmer temperatures, according to a new Ohio University and Queen's University study published today in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.  

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• 06:00 Astronomically large lenses measure the age and size of the universe

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  Using entire galaxies as lenses to look at other galaxies, researchers have a newly precise way to measure the size and age of the universe and how rapidly it is expanding. The measurement determines a value for the Hubble constant, which indicates the size of the universe, and confirms the age of the universe as 13.75 billion years old, within 170 million years. The results also confirm the strength of dark energy, responsible for accelerating the expansion of the universe.  

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• 06:00 Atmospheric nanoparticles impact health, weather professor says

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  Nanoparticles are atmospheric materials so small that they can't be seen with the naked eye, but they can very visibly affect both weather patterns and human health all over the world -- and not in a good way, according to a study by a team of researchers at Texas A&M University.  

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