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69,540 articles from EurekAlert

• TUESDAY 8. SEPTEMBER, 2009
• 06:00 Measuring nitrate concentrations in leafy green vegetables

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  Leafy green vegetables such as lettuce, Asian greens, and spinach can accumulate high concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), which are potentially harmful if consumed by humans. Measuring NO3-N concentration in plant tissue requires sophisticated equipment and trained technicians and can be time-consuming, expensive, and impractical outside of a laboratory setting. Researchers undertook a study to determine if rapid, less-expensive methods can substitute for traditional procedures.  

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• 06:00 Mother knows best

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  Scientists have found new evidence to explain how female insects can influence the father of their offspring, even after mating with up to ten males. A team has found that female crickets are able to control the amount of sperm that they store from each mate to select the best father for their young.The research suggests females may be using their abdominal muscles to control the amount of sperm stored from each mate.  

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• 06:00 MU researcher uses bacteria to make radioactive metals inert

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  The Lost Orphan Mine below the Grand Canyon hasn't produced uranium since the 1960s, but radioactive residue still contaminates the area. Cleaning the region takes an expensive process that is only done in extreme cases, but Judy Wall, a biochemistry professor at the University of Missouri College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, is researching the use of sulfate-reducing bacteria to convert toxic radioactive metal to inert substances, a much more economical solution.  

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• 06:00 New biosensor can detect bacteria instantaneously

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  A research group from the Rovira i Virgili University in Tarragona has developed a biosensor that can immediately detect very low levels of Salmonella typhi, the bacteria that causes typhoid fever. The technique uses carbon nanotubes and synthetic DNA fragments that activate an electric signal when they link up with the pathogen.  

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• 06:00 New recommendations can help health providers prepare for electronic record push

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  A new framework of recommendations created by health informatics researchers may help doctors and hospitals prepare for a federal initiative to expand the use of electronic health records. The recommendations from faculty at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine appear in a commentary in the Sept. 9 edition of JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association.  

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• 06:00 New vaccine shows promise for COPD patients at risk for pneumonia

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  A new vaccine against pneumonia may offer better protection from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients than the currently accepted vaccine, according to recent research that will be published in the Sept. 15 issue of the American Journal of the Respiratory and Critical Care Journal, a publication of the American Thoracic Society.  

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• 06:00 News briefs from the September issue of Chest

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  New studies in the September issue of the journal Chest highlight new research about pediatric chronic cough, statin therapy for COPD, and air travel and sarcoidosis.  

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• 06:00 Obesity, alcohol consumption and smoking increase the risk of second breast cancer

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  A new study by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has found that obesity, alcohol use and smoking all significantly increase the risk of second breast cancer among breast cancer survivors.  

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• 06:00 Organic weed control for dandelions

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  Spring and summer often find homeowners out in their yards, busily attempting to control the onslaught of dandelions in a quest for green, weed-free lawns. Responding to criticism that synthetic herbicides can be harmful to the environment, researchers around the world are experimenting with organically derived weed control methods. Researchers recently studied the effectiveness of pesticide-free mulched maple and oak leaves on common dandelions in established Kentucky bluegrass comparable to residential lawns.  

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• 06:00 Overexpressed protein converts noninvasive breast cancer into invasive disease

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  Active, but non-invasive breast cancer is set free to roam as invasive breast cancer when an overexpressed protein converts it to a different cell type, scientists at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report in the Sept. 9 issue of the journal Cancer Cell.  

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• 06:00 Peer Review Survey 2009: Preliminary findings

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  Should peer review detect fraud and misconduct? What does it do for science and what does the scientific community want it to do? Will it illuminate good ideas or shut them down? Should reviewers remain anonymous? These questions are raised by one of the largest ever international surveys of authors and reviewers, the Peer Review Survey 2009, whose preliminary findings are released today.  

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• 06:00 Pew-commissioned poll finds large majority of Americans want stronger food safety rules

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  Among likely voters surveyed across the nation, about nine in 10 support the federal government adopting additional food safety measures, and 64 percent believe that imported foods are often or sometimes unsafe, according to a new Pew-commissioned poll by the bipartisan team of Hart Research and Public Opinion Strategies.  

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• 06:00 Plants on steroids: Key missing link discovered

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  Researchers have discovered a key missing link in the so-called signaling pathway for plant steroid hormones. This discovery marks the first such pathway in plants for which all the steps have been identified. Since this pathway shares many similarities with pathways in humans, the discovery not only could lead to the genetic engineering of improved crops, but also could be a key to understanding major human diseases such as cancer, diabetes and Alzheimer's.  

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• 06:00 Prevent periodontitis to reduce the risk of head and neck cancer

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  Chronic periodontitis, a form of gum disease, is an independent risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This suggests the need for increased efforts to prevent and treat periodontitis as a possible means to reduce the risk of this form of cancer.  

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• 06:00 Rats move toward the food but do not eat

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  Using an animal model of binge eating, University of Missouri researchers discovered that deactivating the basolateral amygdala, a brain region involved in regulating emotion, specifically blocked consumption of a fatty diet. Surprisingly, it had no effect on the rat wanting to look for the food repeatedly.  

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• 06:00 Rice researchers seek better vaccine procedure

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  As manufacturers work furiously to make a vaccine to protect against 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus, a Rice University bioengineer is trying to improve the process for future flu seasons. The goal is to shorten the time it takes to identify targeted flu strains and manufacture the vaccines for them.  

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• 06:00 Seizure drug enhances sleep for women with hot flashes

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  Gabapentin, a drug initially used to treat seizures, improves sleep quality in menopausal women with hot flashes, University of Rochester Medical Center researchers report online and in the September issue of the Journal of Women's Health.  

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• 06:00 Shining a light on disease -- tracking light-emitting bacteria during infection

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  By attaching light-emitting genes to infectious bacteria in an experimental system, researchers at University College, Cork, Ireland, have been able to track where in the body the bacteria go -- giving an insight into the path of the infection process leading to the development of more targeted treatments  

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• 06:00 Shopping around key to a smaller food bill

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  Shoppers face a complex and time-consuming task to get the best deal, depending on the store they buy food from and the item involved according to a new booklet "Public behavior in the UK in times of economic decline/rising food prices." Published by the Economic and Social Research Council it highlights that the reports of a "food price crisis" fail to notice large cost variations over time and by outlet.  

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• 06:00 Socio-cultural, genetic data work together to reveal health disparities

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  How society sees people in terms of race might play a greater role than genetics when it comes to health disparities between different groups. The study by University of Florida researchers is the first to rigorously combine both socio-cultural and genetic data to simultaneously test the relative contributions of each to racial inequalities in health.  

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• 06:00 Study finds US prison system falls short in treating drug addiction

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  More than 200,000 individuals addicted to heroin, an opiate, are incarcerated in the US each year.Opiate replacement therapy is effective, yet is only available in half of US prison systems, usually in limited circumstances.Few prison systems provide referrals to inmates for treatment programs after release.  

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• 06:00 Study predicts 40 percent increase in blindness in Nigeria by 2020

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  By 2020, 1.4 million Nigerians over age 40 will lose their sight, and the vast majority of the causes are either preventable or treatable, according to the Nigeria National Blindness and Visual Impairment Study Group.  

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• 06:00 Study: Hairstylists can help identify older clients who need health services

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  Hairstylists may have a unique opportunity to help steer their elderly clients to needed health services, according to a small, exploratory study. More than 80 percent of 40 Columbus-area stylists surveyed said that older clients often or always shared their problems during appointments.  

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• 06:00 Study: Parenthood makes moms more liberal, dads more conservative

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  Parenthood is pushing mothers and fathers in opposite directions on political issues associated with social welfare, from health care to education, according to new research from North Carolina State University.  

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• 06:00 Taking the stress off yeast produces better wine

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  Turning grape juice into wine is a stressful business for yeasts. Dr. Agustin Aranda from the University of Valencia, Spain has identified the genes in yeast that enable it to respond to stress and is investigating ways to improve yeast performance by modifying its stress response mechanism.  

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