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75,840 articles from EurekAlert

• TUESDAY 26. JANUARY, 2010
• 06:00 Antioxidants aren't always good for you and can impair muscle function, study shows

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  Antioxidants increasingly have been praised for their benefits against disease and aging, but recent studies at Kansas State University show that they also can cause harm. Researchers in K-State's Cardiorespiratory Exercise Laboratory have been studying how to improve oxygen delivery to the skeletal muscle during physical activity by using antioxidants. Their findings show that sometimes antioxidants can impair muscle function.  

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• 06:00 Atrial fibrillation treatment with catheter shows better results than drug therapy

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  Use of catheter ablation, in which radiofrequency energy is emitted from a catheter to eliminate the source of an irregular heartbeat, resulted in significantly better outcomes in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (intermittent cardiac rhythm disturbance) who had not responded previously to antiarrhythmic drug therapy, according to a study in the January 27 issue of JAMA.  

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• 06:00 Babies' brains tuned to sharing attention with others

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  Children as young as five months old will follow the gaze of an adult towards an object and engage in joint attention, according to research funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council. The findings, published today in the Royal Society's journal Biology Letters, suggests that the human brain develops this important social skill surprisingly early in infancy.  

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• 06:00 Beyond sunglasses and baseball caps

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  A new study reported in Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science found that UV-blocking contact lenses can reduce or eliminate the effects of the sun's harmful UV radiation.  

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• 06:00 Blood protein offers help against anemia

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  A new study shows that a protein found in blood alleviates anemia, a condition in which the body's tissues don't get enough oxygen from the blood. In this animal study, injections of the protein, known as transferrin, also protected against potentially fatal iron overload in mice with thalassemia, a type of inherited anemia that affects millions of people worldwide.  

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• 06:00 Bypass procedure used during infant heart surgery does not impair later neurological outcomes

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  Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defects in humans, affecting 8 per 1000 live births, with one third of affected children requiring intervention in early infancy. While there has been a growing identification of neurobehavioral symptoms in some of these children, a new study now suggests that a cooling technique often used in heart operations does not impair neurological outcomes.  

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• 06:00 Childhood obesity alone may increase risk of later cardiovascular disease

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  By as early as 7 years of age, being obese may raise a child's risk of future heart disease and stroke, even in the absence of other cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, according to a new study accepted for publication in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.  

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• 06:00 Children with suspected development problems may not get needed referrals, study shows

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  Many pediatricians score high on screening their patients for developmental delays, but barely make a passing grade in referring children with suspected delays for further testing or treatment, according to a study from Johns Hopkins Children's Center and other institutions to appear in the February issue of Pediatrics.  

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• 06:00 Common antidepressant drugs linked to lactation difficulties in moms

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  According to a new study accepted for publication in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, women taking commonly used forms of antidepressant drugs may experience delayed lactation after giving birth and may need additional support to achieve their breastfeeding goals.  

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• 06:00 Design vs. dyslexia: UC innovation promises new hope for children with dyslexia

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  The University of Cincinnati is employing its design research capabilities to create a 21st century electronic toolkit to speed learning for children with dyslexia. UC digital designer Renee Seward will present her innovative project at two upcoming conferences.  

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• 06:00 Diamond is one tough cookie

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  Using the Janus laser at LLNL and the Omega laser at the University of Rochester, Livermore scientists and Rochester and UC Berkeley colleagues showed that when shock waves are applied to diamond with powerful lasers, it can support almost a million times atmospheric pressure before being crushed.  

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• 06:00 Engineered metamaterials enable remarkably small antennas

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  In an advance that might interest Q-Branch NIST and partners from industry and academia have designed and tested experimental antennas that are highly efficient and yet a fraction of the size of standard antenna systems with comparable properties.  

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• 06:00 Environmental change impacts Oklahoma rivers

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  Biodiversity in freshwater systems is impacted as much or more by environmental change than tropical rain forests, according to University of Oklahoma Professor Caryn Vaughn, who serves as director of the Oklahoma Biological Survey. "When we think about species becoming extinct, we don't necessarily think of the common species in freshwater systems, many of which are declining," says Vaughn.  

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• 06:00 Green plant transport mystery solved

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  Contrary to prevailing wisdom, a new study from plant biologists at UC Davis shows that proteins of the Hsp70 family do indeed chaperone proteins across the membranes of chloroplasts, just as they do for other cellular structures.  

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• 06:00 Groundbreaking research shows platelets can reproduce in circulation

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  University of Utah researchers led an international team of scientists that is the first to report on the previously undescribed ability of platelets to reproduce themselves in the circulation. Their revolutionary findings were published online ahead of print, Jan. 19, 2010, in the journal Blood.  

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• 06:00 Haiti reconstruction will require local input

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  Destruction in Haiti, the result of a January 12 earthquake, is staggering. The majority of the capital city of Port-au-Prince will have to be rebuilt from scratch. Isabelle Thomas-Maret, a Universite de Montreal urbanism professor who specializes in rebuilding after natural catastrophes, survived hurricane Katrina in New Orleans in 2005 and was consulted in rebuilding that city.  

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• 06:00 His or hers jealousy? Study offers new explanation for sex differences in jealousy

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  Research has documented that most men become much more jealous about sexual infidelity than they do about emotional infidelity. Women are the opposite, and this is true all over the world.  

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• 06:00 How to shoot the messenger

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  By determining the structure of DAPK bound to calmodulin, scientists from EMBL in Hamburg, Germany, have found a way to hack into a vital cellular communications system, raising the possibility of developing new drugs to tackle disorders like neurodegeneration, cancer and cardiovascular disease.  

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• 06:00 Human growth hormone: Not a life extender after all?

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  People profoundly deficient in human growth hormone (HGH) due to a genetic mutation appear to live just as long as people who make normal amounts of the hormone, a new study shows. The findings suggest that HGH may not be the "fountain of youth" that some researchers have suggested.  

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• 06:00 Intensive insulin therapy for septic shock patients does not show survival benefit

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  Treating adults with septic shock with intensive insulin therapy to counter elevated blood glucose levels associated with corticosteroid therapy did not result in a reduced risk of in-hospital death, compared to patients who received conventional insulin therapy, according to a study in the January 27 issue of JAMA. The researchers also found that adding a 2nd corticosteroid to treatment did not significantly reduce the risk of death within the hospital.  

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• 06:00 Is the Hobbit's brain unfeasibly small?

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  Homo floresiensis, a pygmy-sized small-brained hominin popularly known as 'the Hobbit' was discovered five years ago, but controversy continues over whether the small brain is actually due to a pathological condition. How can its tiny brain size be explained? Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Biology have tackled this question in the context of a comprehensive assessment of the evolution of brain and body size throughout the larger primate family.  

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• 06:00 Landmark heart treatment study

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  Treating a common heart rhythm disorder by burning heart tissue with a catheter works dramatically better than drug treatments, according to a landmark study published in the Jan. 27 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.  

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• 06:00 Last Neanderthals died out 37,000 years ago

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  The last Neanderthals in Europe died out at least 37,000 years ago -- and both climate change and interaction with modern humans could be involved in their demise, according to new research from the University of Bristol published today in PLoS ONE.  

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• 06:00 Lost Roman law code discovered in London

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  Part of an ancient Roman law code previously thought to have been lost forever has been discovered by researchers at UCL's Department of History. Simon Corcoran and Benet Salway made the breakthrough after piecing together 17 fragments of previously incomprehensible parchment. The fragments were being studied at UCL as part of the Arts & Humanities Research Council-funded "Projet Volterra" -- a ten year study of Roman law in its full social, legal and political context.  

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• 06:00 Managing ecosystems in a changing climate

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  Global warming may impair the ability of ecosystems to perform vital services -- such as providing food, clean water and carbon sequestration -- says the nation's largest organization of ecological scientists. In a statement released today, the Ecological Society of America outlines strategies that focus on restoring and maintaining natural ecosystem functions to mitigate and adapt to climate change.  

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