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69,537 articles from EurekAlert

• THURSDAY 9. FEBRUARY, 2012
• 06:00 Cannabis use doubles chances of vehicle crash

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  Drivers who consume cannabis within three hours of driving are nearly twice as likely to cause a vehicle collision as those who are not under the influence of drugs or alcohol claims a paper published today on bmj.com.  

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• 06:00 Cell death unleashes full force of human antiviral system

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  A scientific team led by researchers at the University of Geneva and the Charité Berlin Medical University has made a completely unprecedented discovery showing how much our immune system is provoked into action when confronted by viral intruders. The possibility of exploiting this mechanism in vaccines holds promise for the development of new ways of preventing and treating infectious diseases and cancer.  

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• 06:00 Could antidepressants help reduce the risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy?

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  A groundbreaking study published in Elsevier's Epilepsy & Behavior provides evidence in mouse model that drugs known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; one category of antidepressants) may reduce the risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy.  

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• 06:00 Deadly bird parasite evolves at exceptionally fast rate

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  A new study of a devastating bird disease that spread from poultry to house finches in the mid-1990s reveals that the bacteria responsible for the disease evolves at an exceptionally fast rate. What's more, the fast-evolving microbe has lost a key chunk of its genome since jumping to its new host. The missing portion contained the genes that made up the microbe's immune system, researchers report in the journal PLoS Genetics.  

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• 06:00 Decoding the molecular machine behind E. coli and cholera

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  Scientists from Queen Mary, University of London have discovered the workings behind some of the bacteria that kill hundreds of thousands every year, possibly paving the way for new antibiotics that could treat infections more effectively.  

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• 06:00 Deconstructing a mystery: What caused Snowmaggedon?

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  NASA scientists are using computer models to help unravel the mystery of a record-setting snowfall in the Washington, DC area in early 2010.  

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• 06:00 Diagnosing developmental coordination disorder

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  "Our study comes to show how a simple everyday task can be used to diagnose individuals with DCD, and subsequently enable them to get the necessary treatment and guidance with occupational therapy," says professor Sara Rosenblum on the new study shedding light on DCD.  

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• 06:00 Digital photos could put kids at risk

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  A study published in the International Journal of Electronic Security and Digital Forensics this month suggests that parents and carers could be putting children at risk if they upload digital photos that are automatically "geotagged" by their camera.  

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• 06:00 Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel bridges genotype-phenotype gap

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  How long does it take a fruit fly to emerge from a cold-induced coma, or how quickly can a fruit fly settle down after it is startled? The answer to these complex traits rests with genes, many of them that interact in complicated ways to produce an end result. To answer questions about the flies and point the way toward fine-tuning similar human studies, the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel was created.  

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• 06:00 Drug quickly reverses Alzheimer's symptoms in mice

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  Neuroscientists at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have made a dramatic breakthrough in their efforts to find a cure for Alzheimer's disease. The researchers' findings, published in the journal Science, show that use of a drug in mice appears to quickly reverse the pathological, cognitive and memory deficits caused by the onset of Alzheimer's.  

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• 06:00 Fighting crimes against biodiversity

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  Invasive species which have the potential to destroy biodiversity and influence global change could be tracked and controlled in the same way as wanted criminals, according to new research from Queen Mary, University of London.  

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• 06:00 First prospective clinical trial of adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer patients

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  Researchers at the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research released initial findings from a first-of-a-kind clinical trial in adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. The trial, sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, showed most patients benefited from only one or at most two adaptive radiotherapy treatments. These findings were released online in advance of publication in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics.  

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• 06:00 Focus on self-improvement, rather than winning, benefits young athletes

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  Underserved youth athletes report more life skill and character development when their coaches place greater emphasis on creating caring climates instead of focusing on competition, according to research from Michigan State University's Institute for the Study of Youth Sports.  

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• 06:00 Fresh city tomatoes, any time

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  Why not produce lettuce, beans and tomatoes where most of the consumers are to be found: in the city? The flat roofs of many buildings are well-suited for growing vegetables. Rooftop greenhouses can also make use of a building's waste heat and cleaned waste water.  

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• 06:00 Fruit flies drawn to the sweet smell of youth

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  Aging takes its toll on sex appeal and now an international team of researchers led by Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Michigan find that in fruit flies, at least, it even diminishes the come-hither effect of the chemicals of love -- pheromones.  

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• 06:00 Fruit fly turn-on: A sexy, youthful smell may make up for advancing age

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  Beauty is more than skin deep, at least for fruit flies studied in new research that demonstrates how age-related changes in pheromone production can reduce sexual attractiveness.  

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• 06:00 Fuel from market waste

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  Mushy tomatoes, brown bananas and overripe cherries -- to date, waste from wholesale markets has ended up on the compost heap at best. In future it will be put to better use: Researchers have developed a new facility that ferments this waste to make methane, which can be used to power vehicles.  

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• 06:00 Further support for a role of synaptic proteins in autism spectrum disorders

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  A new study combines genetic and neurobiological approaches to confirm that synaptic mutations increase the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). It also highlights a role for modifier genes in these disorders.  

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• 06:00 Genetic risks for type 2 diabetes span multiple ethnicities

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  A recent comprehensive analysis of 50,000 genetic variants across 2,000 genes linked to cardiovascular and metabolic function has identified four genes associated with type 2 diabetes and six independent disease-associated variants at previously known loci. The findings, which provide insight into the genetic risk for T2D across multiple ethnicities, add to the list of genetic variants that affect the risk of developing T2D and could pave the way for identification of valuable drug targets.  

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• 06:00 How the zebra got its stripes

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  Horseflies are unpleasant insects that deliver powerful bites and now it seems that zebras evolved their stripes to avoid attracting the unpleasant pests. Gábor Horváth from Eötvös University, Hungary, and Susanne Åkesson from Lund University, Sweden, show that zebras have the least attractive hides for horseflies.  

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• 06:00 Hydrogen from acidic water

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  A technique from Berkley Lab for creating a new molecule that structurally and chemically replicates the active part of the molybdenite catalyst paves the way for developing catalytic materials that can serve as effective low-cost alternatives to platinum for generating hydrogen gas from water.  

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• 06:00 Integrated weed management best response to herbicide resistance

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  Over-reliance on glyphosate-type herbicides for weed control on US farms has created a dramatic increase in the number of genetically-resistant weeds, according to a team of agricultural researchers, who say the solution lies in an integrated weed management program.  

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• 06:00 Kids show cultural gender bias

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  Talk about gender confusion! A recent study by University of Alberta researchers Elena Nicoladis and Cassandra Foursha-Stevenson in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology into whether speaking French influenced how children assigned gender to objects yielded some interesting observations. Nicoladis and Foursha-Stevenson found some differences between the monolingual English children and the bilingual French-English children they surveyed.  

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• 06:00 Largest-ever gene study of Type 2 diabetes finds variants across many ethnic groups

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  The largest genetics study to date of Type 2 diabetes has identified new gene variants associated with risk for the common metabolic disease. An international scientific consortium, studying multi-ethnic populations, uncovered genes that may point to biological targets for developing more effective drugs for T2D.  

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• 06:00 Maryland Commission recommends 'common sense' immigration policy

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  Immigrants to Maryland contribute significantly to the state's economy, and were vital to its workforce expansion in both technical and less-skilled occupations from 2000 to 2010, concludes a new report by a Maryland state commission. During this period, immigrants mostly complemented rather than competed with US-born state residents for jobs, it adds. The Commission, a state panel coordinated by the University of Maryland, evaluated immigrants' economic contributions and the cost of government services for them.  

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