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75,840 articles from EurekAlert

• WEDNESDAY 4. MAY, 2011
• 06:00 Researchers show heparan sulfate adjusts functions of growth factor proteins

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  Boston University School of Medicine researchers are showing how heparan sulfate, a carbohydrate that is expressed on the surface of all human cells, adjusts the functions of growth factor proteins. These findings currently appear on-line in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.  

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• 06:00 Revolutionary new paper computer shows flexible future for smartphones and tablets

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  The world's first interactive paper computer is set to revolutionize the world of interactive computing."This is the future. Everything is going to look and feel like this within five years," says creator Roel Vertegaal, the director of Queen's University Human Media Lab.  

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• 06:00 Schools need collaboration, not packaged solutions, for best mental health programs

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  Experts in school mental health agree that a large investment of money, time and training has been made to develop and disseminate school mental health programs that have been tested and proven to work. Yet, in developing these "evidence-based practices" in school mental health, researchers have not given enough consideration to the unique context of schools, leaving many schools unable to capitalize on new ideas and scientific evidence.  

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• 06:00 Seeing the trees and missing the forest

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  The phenomenon known as holistic processing is best known in faces. Most people see faces as a whole, not as two eyes a nose and a mouth. But holistic processing happens in other cases, too, and can even be taught. One possible explanation is that holistic processing emerges from expertise, but the truth is much more nuanced, according to the authors of a new review published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.  

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• 06:00 Sense of justice built into the brain

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  A new study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden shows that the brain has built-in mechanisms that trigger an automatic reaction to someone who refuses to share. The reaction derives from the amygdala, an older part of the brain. The subjects' sense of justice was challenged in a two-player money-based fairness game, while their brain activity was registered by an MR scanner.  

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• 06:00 Supernova and star birth in the Meathook Galaxy

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  The Meathook Galaxy, or NGC 2442, has a dramatically lopsided shape. One spiral arm is tightly folded in on itself and host to a recent supernova, while the other, dotted with recent star formation, extends far out from the nucleus. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and the MPG/ESO 2.2-meter telescope have captured two contrasting views of this asymmetric spiral galaxy.  

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• 06:00 Susceptibility-weighted imaging can improve detection of and treatment for stroke patients

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  A new study shows that susceptibility-weighted imaging is a powerful tool for characterizing infarctions (stroke) in patients earlier and directing more prompt treatment.  

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• 06:00 Systematic effort helps hospital raise employee flu vaccination rates

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  A systematic effort to improve flu vaccination rates for health-care workers has increased flu vaccinations rates from 59 percent to 77 percent at the University Health System (UHS) in San Antonio. A report detailing their interventions to increase vaccination was published in the June issue of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, the journal of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America.  

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• 06:00 The contraceptive pill and HRT may protect against cerebral aneurysm

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  Women who develop cerebral aneurysms are less likely to have taken the oral contraceptive pill or hormone replacement therapy, suggesting taking estrogen could have a protective effect, reveals research published in the Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.  

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• 06:00 The private market for tuberculosis drugs

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  The private TB drug market, which has irregular practices that could be driving treatment failures and the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis, is now shown to be as large as the public market.  

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• 06:00 U of A study finds ways to help end dry mouth in cancer patients

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  For patients suffering from cancer in the mouth or throat, a recent study shows that a treatment called submandibular gland transfer will assist in preventing a radiation-induced condition called xerostomia.  

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• 06:00 Undergraduate institutions should play larger research role

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  Biology educators at primarily undergraduate colleges and universities argue for coordinating networks to expand and improve ecological teaching and research at such institutions. Though typically conducted on a low budget, research at undergraduate institutions could make larger contributions than hitherto if collaboration were increased, and undergraduates would benefit from the larger-scale research experience.  

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• 06:00 US must strengthen efforts to restrict chemicals that threaten health, say researchers

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  The Environmental Protection Agency, stymied by the outdated Toxic Substances Control Act, must seek partners in academia to help evaluate the risks of industrial chemicals on the market today, say Sarah A. Vogel of the Johnson Family Foundation and Jody Roberts of the Chemical Heritage Foundation.  

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• 06:00 USGS economic analysis updated for the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska

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  The US Geological Survey assessment on the economic recoverability of undiscovered, conventional oil and gas resources within the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska and adjacent state waters is now available. Economically recoverable resources are those that can be sold at a price that covers the costs of discovery, development, production and transportation to the market.  

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• 06:00 Weizmann Institute scientists discover: A protein that contributes to obesity

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  Weizmann Institute scientists have added another piece to the obesity puzzle, showing how and why a certain protein that is active in a small part of the brain contributes to weight gain.  

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• TUESDAY 3. MAY, 2011
• 06:00 'Fatting in': Immigrant groups eat high-calorie American meals to fit in

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  Immigrants to the United States and their US-born children gain more than a new life and new citizenship. They gain weight. Now psychologists show that it's not simply the abundance of high-calorie American junk food that causes weight gain. Instead, members of U.S. immigrant groups choose typical American dishes as a way to show that they belong and to prove their "American-ness."  

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• 06:00 'Nutcracker Man' had fundamentally different diet

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  An ancient, bipedal hominid needs a new nickname. Paranthropus boisei, a 2.3 million to 1.2 million-year-old primate, whom researchers say is an early human cousin, probably didn't crack nuts at all as his common handle suggests.  

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• 06:00 A boring life -- the Asiatic wild ass in the Mongolian Gobi

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  Migratory birds may face threats not only in their breeding and wintering areas but also en route between them. Many mammals are also migratory and because most of them are unable to fly they face a number of additional challenges to survive. Fresh light on their difficulties is shed by recent work in the group of Chris Walzer at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna. Their results were published in the journal Biological Conservation.  

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• 06:00 Agent selectively targets malignant B cells in chronic leukemia, study shows

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  A new experimental drug called PCI-32765 selectively kills the cancer cells that cause chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to a new study. The study shows that the agent selectively kills the malignant B lymphocytes that cause CLL. This is important, the researchers say, because current CLL therapies kill T lymphocytes along with the cancerous B lymphocytes. A drug that kills malignant B lymphocytes and spares T lymphocytes could dramatically improve outcomes for CLL patients.  

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• 06:00 Amygdala detects spontaneity in human behavior

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  A study of jazz musicians revealed how the brain processes improvisations.  

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• 06:00 Breast cancers found between mammograms more likely to be aggressive

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  Breast cancers that are first detectable in the interval between screening mammograms are more likely to be aggressive, fast-growing tumors according to a study published online May 3 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  

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• 06:00 Carnegie Mellon uses social networking to tap collective intelligence of online study groups

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  Taking their cue from social media, educators at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a social networking application called Classroom Salon that engages students in online learning communities that effectively tap the collective intelligence of groups.  

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• 06:00 Chest journal news briefs, May 2011 issue

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  The following articles will appear in the May issue of Chest: "Ultrasonography replacing X-ray"; "Influencers on end-of-life care decisions"; and "How adenotonsillectomy impacts children with sleep apnea."  

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• 06:00 Climate change analysis predicts increased fatalities from heat waves

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  Global climate change is anticipated to bring more extreme weather phenomena such as heat waves that could impact human health in the coming decades. An analysis led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health calculated that the city of Chicago could experience between 166 and 2,217 excess deaths per year attributable to heat waves using three different climate change scenarios for the final decades of the 21st century.  

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• 06:00 Climbers leave rare plants' genetic variation on the rocks

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  Rock climbers are having a negative impact on rare cliff-dwelling plants, ecologists have found. Writing in the British Ecological Society's Journal of Applied Ecology they say that in areas popular with climbers, conservation management plans should be drawn up so that some cliffs are protected from climbers.  

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