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41,450 articles from ScienceDaily

• FRIDAY 3. SEPTEMBER, 2010
• 04:22 Strain-gating piezotronics: New class of piezoelectric logic devices created using zinc oxide nanowires

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  Researchers have developed a new class of electronic logic device in which current is switched by an electric field generated by the application of mechanical strain to zinc oxide nanowires.  

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• 04:22 Water in Earth's mantle key to survival of oldest continents

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  Earth today is one of the most active planets in the Solar System, and was probably even more so during the early stages of its life. Thanks to the plate tectonics that continue to shape our planet's surface, remnants of crust from Earth's formative years are rare, but not impossible to find. A new paper examines how some ancient rocks have resisted being recycled into Earth's convecting interior.  

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• 04:22 Drugs used to treat osteoporosis not linked with higher risk of esophageal cancer

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  Although some reports have suggested a link between the use of oral bisphosphonates (drugs that prevent the loss of bone mass) and esophageal cancer, analysis of medical data from more than 80,000 patients in the United Kingdom found that use of these drugs was not significantly associated with new cases of esophageal or gastric cancer, according to a new study.  

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• 04:22 Cuckoo chicks in Zebra finches: Eggs from other females can be found in every fifth nest

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  Some female zebra finches foist a part of their eggs on their neighbors. Scientists in Germany have discovered that in every fifth nest there is one egg that is not produced by its social parents. The female birds act in a very well-targeted way: eggs are being placed in “foster-care” shortly before the hosts commence their own egg laying.  

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• 04:22 Long term use of oral bisphosphonates may double risk of esophageal cancer, study finds

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  People who take oral bisphosphonates for bone disease over five years may be doubling their risk of developing esophageal cancer (cancer of the gullet), according to a new study.  

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• 04:22 Value of oxygen therapy in end-of-life care challenged in new study

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  Millions of patients with advanced disease in palliative care settings receive oxygen therapy to help them breathe more easily. But a new study says roughly half of them don't benefit from the intervention, and among those who do benefit, it doesn't make a bit of difference whether they get pure oxygen or just plain old room air -- both offer equal benefit.  

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• 04:22 New warning signs may predict kidney transplant failure

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  Kidney transplants that show a combination of fibrosis (scarring) and inflammation after one year are at higher risk of long-term transplant failure, according to a new study.  

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• 04:22 Cigarette smoke may contribute to lung inflammation through a new chemical pathway

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  Cigarette smoke shuts off a key enzyme in airways that regulates the body's response to inflammation, according to new findings. Researchers say smoke inhibits the enzyme, called Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase (LTA4H), causing it to fail in its job of shutting down white blood cells following a successful response to inflammation.  

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• 04:22 Serendipity contributes to MRSA susceptibility findings

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  Researchers have found two genes in mice which might help identify why some people are more susceptible than others to potentially deadly staph infections.  

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• 04:22 Laser-based missile defense for helicopters being developed

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  Protecting helicopters in combat from heat-seeking missiles is the goal of new laser technology.  

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• 04:22 Social networks influence health behaviors

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  Individuals are more likely to acquire new health practices while living in networks with dense clusters of connections -- that is, when in close contact with people they already know well.  

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• 04:22 Children who eat vended snack foods face chronic health problems, poor diet, study finds

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  School children who consume foods purchased in vending machines are more likely to develop poor diet quality -- and that may be associated with being overweight, obese or at risk for chronic health problems such as diabetes and coronary artery disease, according to new research.  

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• 04:22 Experiment records ultrafast chemical reaction with vibrational echoes

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  To watch a magician transform a vase of flowers into a rabbit, it's best to have a front-row seat. Likewise, for chemical transformations in solution, the best view belongs to the molecular spectators closest to the action. Those special molecules comprise the "first solvation shell," and although it has been known for decades that they can sense and dictate the fate of nearly every chemical reaction, it has been virtually impossible to watch them respond -- until now.  

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• 04:22 Science's policy clout diminished, but oil risk looms large, study finds

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  More people are likely to believe scientific studies claiming that oil drilling is riskier, not safer, than was previously thought, according to a new study of attitudes in California. What's more the findings show that scientists' efforts to influence public opinion have a limited effect.  

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• 04:22 Computer technique could help partially sighted 'see' better

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  Thousands of people who are partially sighted following stroke or brain injury could gain greater independence from a simple, cheap and accessible training course which could eventually be delivered from their mobile phones or hand-held games consoles, according to a new study.  

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• 04:22 Cancer-causing gene crucial in stem cell development, study finds

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  A research team has shown for the first time that a gene called Myc, which is traditionally thought of as a cancer-causing gene, may be far more important in the development and persistence of stem cells than was known before.  

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• 00:22 Deepwater Horizon spill: New method successfully predicted how oil would spread

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  Prompted by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, a scientist has come up with a new way of predicting how contaminants like oil will spread. He was able to forecast several days in advance that oil from that spill would wash ashore in particular parts of the Gulf of Mexico.  

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• THURSDAY 2. SEPTEMBER, 2010
• 18:22 Getting a tail up on conservation? New method for measuring lizard weight from size

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  A researcher in Israel has developed an improved tool for translating lizard body lengths to weights. The new equations calculate this valuable morphological feature to estimate the weight of a lizard species in a variety of different ecosystems.  

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• 18:22 Combining resistance and endurance training best for heart health, triathlon study finds

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  A study of triathletes reveals that the heart adapts to triathlon training by working more efficiently.  

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• 18:22 Risk of marijuana's 'gateway effect' overblown, new research shows

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  New research shows that the "gateway effect" of marijuana -- that teenagers who use marijuana are more likely to move on to harder illicit drugs as young adults -- may be overblown.  

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• 18:22 Computer scientists leverage dark silicon to improve smartphone battery life

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  A new smartphone chip prototype under development will improve smartphone efficiency by making use of "dark silicon" -- the underused transistors in modern microprocessors.  

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• 18:22 Mineral physicists find new scenery at Earth's core-mantle boundary

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  Using a diamond-anvil cell to recreate the high pressures deep within the earth, researchers have found unusual properties in an iron-rich magnesium- and iron-oxide mineral that may explain the existence of several ultra-low velocity zones at the core--mantle boundary.  

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• 18:22 Success stops drug trial: Apixaban prevents stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation who are unsuitable for warfarin

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  The data monitoring committee of the AVERROES study, seeing overwhelming evidence of the success of apixaban in the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation who are unsuitable for the conventional treatment of warfarin, has recommended early termination of this study. The decision came after repeated review and careful consideration of all efficacy and safety data.  

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• 06:22 Live imaging puts new light on stem cell division

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  A long-held assumption about asymmetrical division of stem cells has cracked. Researchers report that the mitotic spindle does not act alone -- that cortical proteins help to position a cleavage furrow in the right location.  

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• 06:22 Lower blood pressure may preserve kidney function in some patients

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  Intensively treating hypertension in some African Americans with kidney disease by pushing blood pressure well below the current recommended goal may significantly decrease the number who lose kidney function and require dialysis, suggests a new study.  

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