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41,498 articles from ScienceDaily

• MONDAY 6. SEPTEMBER, 2010
• 06:22 In a changing climate, erratic rainfall poses growing threat to rural poor, new report says

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  Against a backdrop of extreme weather wreaking havoc around the world, a new report warns that increasingly erratic rainfall related to climate change will pose a major threat to food security and economic growth, especially in Africa and Asia, requiring increased investment in diverse forms of water storage as an effective remedy.  

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• 06:22 'Jailbreak' bacteria can trigger heart disease

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  Plaque-causing bacteria can jailbreak from the mouth into the bloodstream and increase your risk of heart attack, according to new research.  

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• 06:22 Transition metal catalysts could be key to origin of life, scientists report

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  Scientists propose that an overlooked type of biological catalyst -- metal-ligand complexes -- could have jump-started metabolism and life itself, deep in hydrothermal ocean vents.  

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• 06:22 'Basal-like' breast cancer does not originate from basal stem cells

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  New research uncovers a case of mistaken identity that may have a significant impact on future breast cancer prevention and treatment strategies. The study suggests that despite their "stem cell-like" characteristics, most aggressive breast tumors are not derived from normal mammary gland stem cells.  

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• 06:22 Lake Michigan ecosystem may crash: 'Doughnut' of phytoplankton disappearing

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  In 1998, Charlie Kerfoot discovered a "doughnut" of phytoplankton circulating in Lake Michigan, helping to feed the lake's famous fishery. Just 12 later, the doughnut is disappearing, and Kerfoot fears that the lake's ecosystem will crash, taking with it much of the fish biomass.  

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• 06:22 Backstabbing bacteria: A new treatment for infection?

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  Selfish bacterial cells that act in their own interests and do not cooperate with their infection-causing colleagues can actually reduce the severity of infection. The selfish behaviour of these uncooperative bacteria could be exploited to treat antibiotic-resistant infections, according to new research.  

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• 06:22 Induced pluripotent stem cell retain an inactivated X chromosome, study finds

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  Female induced pluripotent stem cells, reprogrammed from human skin cells into cells that have the embryonic-like potential to become any cell in the body, retain an inactive X chromosome, stem cell researchers have found.  

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• 06:22 Breaking up phosphorus with ultraviolet light may offer a safer, simpler way to build many industrial and household chemicals

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  Phosphorus, a mineral element found in rocks and bone, is a critical ingredient in fertilizers, pesticides, detergents and other industrial and household chemicals. Now chemists have developed a new way to attach phosphorus to organic compounds by first splitting the phosphorus with ultraviolet light. Their method eliminates the need for chlorine, which is usually required for such reactions and poses health risks to workers handling the chemicals.  

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• 06:22 Non-invasive therapy significantly improves depression, researchers say

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  A unique new therapy that applies electrical stimulation to a major nerve emanating from the brain is showing promise for major depression. In a recently completed clinical trial, trigeminal nerve stimulation achieved an average of a 70 percent reduction in symptom severity over an 8-week study.  

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• 06:22 Increase in Cambodia's vultures gives hope to imperiled scavengers

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  While vultures across Asia teeter on the brink of extinction, the vultures of Cambodia are increasing in number, providing a beacon of hope for these threatened scavengers, according wildlife conservation experts.  

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• 06:22 Talented bacteria make food poisoning unpredictable

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  While we are often exposed to bacteria in our food which could cause food poisoning, we don't always become ill -- why should this be so? New research sheds light on how bacteria use different tricks to aid their survival inside the body, helping to explain why food poisoning can be so unpredictable.  

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• SUNDAY 5. SEPTEMBER, 2010
• 06:00 'Slow light' on a chip holds promise for optical communications

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  A tiny optical device built into a silicon chip has achieved the slowest light propagation on a chip to date, reducing the speed of light by a factor of 1,200.  

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• 06:00 Acting selfish? Blame your mother!

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  The fact that our female ancestors dispersed more than our male ancestors can lead to conflicts within the brain that influence our social behavior, new research reveals.  

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• 06:00 Are shame and poverty closely linked?

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  A major international study is to examine whether shame is a key part of the experience of being poor. It will look at whether being poor necessarily results in low self esteem or feelings of shame and whether welfare policies are counterproductive when claimants are stigmatized.  

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• 06:00 Biologists find way to reduce stem cell loss during cancer treatment

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  Biologists have discovered that a gene critical for programmed cell death is also important in the loss of adult stem cells, a finding that could help to improve the health and well-being of patients undergoing cancer treatment.  

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• 06:00 Fears of a decline in bee pollination confirmed

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  Widespread reports of a decline in the population of bees and other flower-visiting animals have aroused fear and speculation that pollination is also likely on the decline. A recent study provides the first long-term evidence of a downward trend in pollination, while also pointing to climate change as a possible contributor.  

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• 06:00 New self-assembling photovoltaic technology repairs itself

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  Scientists have created a novel set of self-assembling molecules that can turn sunlight into electricity; the molecules can be repeatedly broken down and then reassembled quickly, just by adding or removing an additional solution.  

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• 06:00 Role of key genetic catalyst for human diversity discovered

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  One of the key drivers of human evolution and diversity, accounting for changes that occur between different generations of people, is explained by new research.  

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• 06:00 Sex more likely for female flies with promise of food

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  Female fruit flies will have sex more frequently if they think there is more food around, and a new study has explained how this happens.  

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• 04:22 Race, insurance status cited in uneven death rates among pedestrians hit by cars

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  Uninsured minority pedestrians hit by cars are at a significantly higher risk of death than their insured white counterparts, even if the injuries sustained are similar, new research suggests.  

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• SATURDAY 4. SEPTEMBER, 2010
• 06:00 Did Viking Mars landers find life's building blocks? Missing piece inspires new look at puzzle

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  Experiments prompted by a 2008 surprise from NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander suggest that soil examined by NASA's Viking Mars landers in 1976 may have contained carbon-based chemical building blocks of life.  

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• 06:00 Global warming's silver lining? Northern countries will thrive and grow, researcher predicts

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  Move over, Sunbelt. The New North is coming through, a geographer predicts in a new book. As worldwide population increases by 40 percent over the next 40 years, sparsely populated Canada, Scandinavia, Russia and the northern United States will become formidable economic powers and migration magnets, Laurence C. Smith writes.  

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• 06:00 New mission to skim the Sun: NASA selects science investigations for Solar Probe Plus

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  NASA has begun development of a mission to visit and study the sun closer than ever before. The unprecedented project, named Solar Probe Plus, is slated to launch no later than 2018. The small car-sized spacecraft will plunge directly into the sun's atmosphere approximately four million miles from our star's surface. It will explore a region no other spacecraft ever has encountered.  

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• 05:22 Verbal snippets offer insights on well-being amid separation, divorce

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  A new study of romantically separated people shows they offer clues to their emotional status in just a few seconds of conversation.  

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• 05:22 Most new farmland in tropics comes from slashing forests, research shows

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  A new study shows that more than 80 percent of the new farmland created in the tropics between 1980 and 2000 came from felling forests, which sends carbon into the atmosphere and drives global warming. But the research team also noted that big agribusiness has largely replaced small farmers in doing most of the tree cutting in Brazil and Indonesia, which may make it easier to rein in the trend.  

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