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62,854 articles from ScienceDaily

• MONDAY 28. SEPTEMBER, 2009
• 06:00 Safe, Effective, Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair, Suggested By Study

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  Minimally invasive, patient-friendly surgical techniques are widespread, but there is little data to prompt the routine use of these techniques in mitral valve surgery, especially in cases where the valve can be repaired. After a six-year study, surgeons conclude that minimally invasive mitral valve repair techniques, through only a two-inch incision in the right side of the chest, are safe, durable and effective.  

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• 06:00 Sea Level Stargazing: Astronomers Make Key Sighting With Florida Telescope

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  This summer, astronomers in Florida inaugurated the world's largest optical telescope on a nearly 8,000-foot mountaintop 3,480 miles away.  

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• 06:00 Software Could Pave The Way To End Tune Plagiarism

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  Software developed by a UK researcher could spell the end for future melody plagiarism. The research focuses on how to predict court decisions on music plagiarism using cognitive similarity algorithms.  

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• 06:00 Studies Examine How Living Conditions Impact Reproductive Health

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  Life is all about tradeoffs. Recently published research has shown that during periods of intense labor and low food intake, rates of early pregnancy loss can more than double. In a second study involving men, she reports a similar relationship between reproductive fitness and external influences.  

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• SUNDAY 27. SEPTEMBER, 2009
• 06:00 Discovery Brings New Type Of Fast Computers Closer To Reality

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  Physicists have successfully created speedy integrated circuits with particles called "excitons" that operate at commercially cold temperatures, bringing the possibility of a new type of extremely fast computer based on excitons closer to reality.  

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• 06:00 Global Increase In Atmospheric Methane Likely Caused By Unusual Arctic Warmth, Tropical Wetness

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  Unusually high temperatures in the Arctic and heavy rains in the tropics likely drove a global increase in atmospheric methane in 2007 and 2008 after a decade of near-zero growth, according to a new study. Methane is the second most abundant greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, albeit a distant second.  

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• 06:00 H1N1 Flu: Understanding Treatment Options

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  While Americans wait for the H1N1 influenza vaccine, it's important to know and understand the options for treatment for those who have been diagnosed and are ill.  

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• 06:00 HIV’s Ancestors ‘Plagued First Mammals’

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  The retroviruses which gave rise to HIV have been battling it out with mammal immune systems since mammals first evolved around 100 million years ago -- about 85 million years earlier than previously thought, scientists now believe.  

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• 06:00 Hunting: An Extinction Threat To Middle East's Most Threatened Bird

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  Conservationists trying to prevent the extinction of Northern Bald Ibis are distraught that one of the last remaining wild birds in the Middle East has been shot by a hunter in Saudi Arabia, bringing the known wild Middle Eastern population of this critically endangered species to just four individuals.  

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• 06:00 MESSENGER Spacecraft Prepares For Final Pass By Mercury

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  NASA's Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft known as MESSENGER will fly by Mercury for the third and final time on Sept. 29. The spacecraft will pass less than 142 miles above the planet's rocky surface for a final gravity assist that will enable it to enter Mercury's orbit in 2011. Determining the composition of Mercury's surface is a major goal of the orbital phase of the mission. The spacecraft already has imaged more than 90 percent of the planet's surface. The spacecraft's team will activate instruments during this flyby to view specific features to uncover more information about the planet.  

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• 06:00 Microbiology: Free-for-all On The Leaf Surface

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  Scientists have examined the genes and proteins of bacteria that live on leaves to clarify which unicellular organisms are found on leaf surfaces and what they are doing there.  

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• 06:00 New Antibacterial Chemical Compound Discovered

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  Scientists have identified a novel chemical compound that targets drug-resistant bacteria in a different way from existing antibiotics. The discovery could lead to new treatments to overcome antibiotic resistance in certain types of microorganisms.  

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• 06:00 New Electronic Concept: How Hybrid Motors Could Become Cheaper

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  Not all that long ago, hybrid vehicles were still really exotic. Now, you see them more and more frequently on our roads. However, hybrid cars are not mass-produced as their production costs are still relatively high. A researcher has now developed a new concept that integrates power electronic functions and an electric motor, which could reduce the costs of producing hybrid cars.  

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• 06:00 New Mathematical Model Suggests How The Brain Might Stay In Balance

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  The human brain is made up of 100 billion neurons -- live wires that must be kept in delicate balance to stabilize the world's most magnificent computing organ. Too much excitement and the network will slip into an apoplectic, uncomprehending chaos. Too much inhibition and it will flatline. A new mathematical model describes how the trillions of interconnections among neurons could maintain a stable but dynamic relationship that leaves the brain sensitive enough to respond to stimulation without veering into a blind seizure.  

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• 06:00 New Species Discovered In The Greater Mekong At Risk Of Extinction Due To Climate Change

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  A bird eating fanged frog, a gecko that looks like it's from another planet and a bird which would rather walk than fly, are among the 163 new species discovered in the Greater Mekong region last year that are now at risk of extinction due to climate change, says a new report.  

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• 06:00 New Technique Allows Scientists To Penetrate Yeast Cells' Hard Exterior

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  If you want to know how a cell responds to a particular chemical, the experiment is simple: Inject it with that chemical. Micropipettes -- tiny needles that can puncture a cell and deliver a compound directly into it -- are used precisely for this purpose. But biologists who study yeast have not had this tool available to them. A yeast cell's rigid outer wall is too strong to be penetrated.  

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• 06:00 Phthalates Hard To Avoid In Food: Junk Food No Worse Than Healthful Food For These Potentially Harmful Substances

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  Phthalates -- the softening agents in synthetic materials -- were a hot topic during the last decade and have been linked to deformities in the male genitals, diabetes, premature births and excess weight. Now, a new study has revealed that they are extremely difficult to avoid, even if you eat healthily.  

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• 06:00 Pulling Together Increases Your Pain Threshold

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  A study of rowers has shown that members of a team who exercised together were able to tolerate twice as much pain as when they trained on their own.  

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• 06:00 Smoking And Heart Disease Risks Can Cut Life Span By 10 Years

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  Middle aged men who smoke, have high blood pressure and raised cholesterol levels can expect a 10--15 year shorter life expectancy from age 50 compared with men without these risk factors.  

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• 06:00 Two Proteins Enable Skin Cells To Regenerate

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  Nevermind facial masks and exfoliating scrubs, skin takes care of itself. Stem cells located within the skin actively generate differentiating cells that can ultimately form either the body surface or the hairs that emanate from it. In addition, these stem cells are able to replenish themselves, continually rejuvenating skin and hair. Now, researchers have identified two proteins that enable these skin stem cells to undertake this continuous process of self-renewal.  

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• 05:45 Climate Change Mitigation Strategies Ignore Carbon Cycling Processes Of Inland Waters, Scientists Say

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  Scientists argue that current international strategies to mitigate manmade carbon emissions and address climate change have overlooked a critical player -- inland waters. Carbon burial and outgassing by streams, rivers, lakes, reservoirs and wetlands play important roles in the carbon cycle that are unaccounted for in conventional carbon cycling models.  

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• 05:45 New Take On Why Social Cues Confuse Babies And Dogs In Classic Hiding Game

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  A study by developmental scientists challenges the conclusions of two recent studies on how babies and dogs respond to certain social cues. The new findings indicate that babies and dogs may not be as clever as the other studies suggest.  

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• 05:45 Silk-based Optical Waveguides Meet Biomedical Needs

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  Researchers demonstrate a new way to make silk-based optical waveguides that are biocompatible, biodegradable and readily functionalized with active molecules. This opens up opportunities in biologically based modulation and sensing and ability to integrate light delivery in living tissue.  

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• 05:45 Tired Doctors Make More Mistakes

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  A study of clinical errors made by resident physicians in a teaching hospital reveals that the more tired they are the more mistakes they make. The study puts figures to this seemingly obvious conclusion and shows that fewer errors are made if clinical practices are standardized.  

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• 05:45 Excess Body Weight Causes Over 124,000 New Cancers A Year In Europe: New Estimates

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  At least 124,000 new cancers in 2008 in Europe may have been caused by excess body weight, according to estimates from a new modeling study. The proportion of cases of new cancers attributable to a body mass index of 25kg/m2 or more were highest among women and in central European countries such as the Czech Republic, Latvia, Slovenia and Bulgaria.  

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