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63,002 articles from ScienceDaily

• FRIDAY 8. OCTOBER, 2010
• 06:00 Clue to unusual drug-resistant breast cancers found

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  Researchers have found how gene expression that may contribute to drug resistance is ramped up in unusual types of breast cancer tumors. Their findings may offer new therapy targets.  

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• 06:00 Common prostate cancer treatment associated with bone decay

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  Using novel technology allowing "virtual bone biopsies" researchers have found that a common treatment for prostate cancer called androgen deprivation therapy is associated with structural decay of cortical and trabecular bone.  

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• 06:00 Got fish? Nutrition studies explore health benefits

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  Some of America's most popular fish -- salmon and albacore tuna, for example -- are rich in healthful natural compounds known as omega-3 fatty acids. Ongoing studies by researchers are helping uncover new details about how these fish-oil components help protect us from chronic diseases.  

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• 06:00 Improving sonography: Spatial ability is key to becoming a successful sonographer, study finds

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  Diagnostic ultrasounds are the most widely used medical tests in the world. Though the technology is more than 50 years old, scientists continue to discover new uses for it, ranging from more targeted cancer treatments to liposuction. As the technology becomes more complex, a sonographer's skill level is even more important. Now, researchers may have found one of the keys to becoming a successful sonographer: spatial ability.  

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• 06:00 NASA's Mobile Mars Laboratory almost ready for flight

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  The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite has completed assembly at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., and is nearly ready for a December delivery to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, Calif., where it will be joined to the Curiosity rover. SAM and Curiosity are set to fly on the on the upcoming Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover mission scheduled for launch in the fall of 2011.  

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• 06:00 Neurons cast votes to guide decision-making

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  We know that casting a ballot in the voting booth involves politics, values and personalities. But before you ever push the button for your candidate, your brain has already carried out an election of its own to make that action possible. New research reveals that our brain accumulates evidence when faced with a choice and triggers an action once that evidence reaches a tipping point.  

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• 06:00 New class of highly electronegative chemical species discovered

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  Researchers have discovered a new class of highly electronegative chemical species called hyperhalogens, which use superhalogens as building blocks around a metal atom. The new chemical species may have application in many industries.  

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• 06:00 Obese workers cost workplace more than insurance, absenteeism, according to new study

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  The cost of obesity among US full-time employees is estimated to be $73.1 billion, according to a new study.  

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• 06:00 Plants kick-started evolutionary drama of Earth's oxygenation

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  Scientists have taken a significant step toward unlocking the secrets of oxygenation of the Earth's oceans and atmosphere. The new research indicates that the appearance of large predatory fish as well as vascular plants approximately 400 million years ago coincided with an increase in oxygen, to levels comparable to those we experience today. If so, then animals from before that time appeared and evolved under markedly lower oxygen conditions than previously thought.  

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• 06:00 Researchers design, fabricate innovative energy harvesting device

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  Electrical engineers have reported success in designing and fabricating a device that allows microscale electronic devices to harvest their own wasted energy.  

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• 06:00 Risks in multiple pregnancies

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  The complication rate during pregnancy with twins is about 40 percent, according to recent studies. Women with multiple pregnancies often develop pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and hemorrhages during the term of their pregnancy. In a new review article, researchers investigate which risks can be minimized by close monitoring in multiple pregnancies.  

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• 06:00 Shift work and cancer: Evidence and research challenges

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  Shift work can cause cancer, recent studies suggest. In a new review article, researchers describe the current state of knowledge in this area and point out the challenges lying ahead.  

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• 06:00 Stem cells repair damaged spinal cord tissue

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  Researchers have shown how stem cells, together with other cells, repair damaged tissue in the mouse spinal cord. The results are of potential significance to the development of therapies for spinal cord injury.  

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• 06:00 Studying illnesses caused by worms: Scientists are learning how immune cells communicate

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  A billion people living in underdeveloped areas around the world are infected with parasitic helminthes, worms that survive by residing in and feeding on their hosts. Biomedical researchers are investigating illnesses caused by these gut-dwelling worms in an effort to decipher how immune cells send and receive signals that determine the specific immune response to mount.  

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• 06:00 Targeted therapy promising for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer

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  A new type of breast cancer treatment has shown encouraging activity as a first-line therapy in HER2-positive metastatic disease, researchers report.  

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• 06:00 Turtle, dugongs 'at risk under climate change'

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  The "turtle and dugong capital of the world", the northern Great Barrier Reef and Torres Strait region, faces increased pressure under climate change from human actions such as fishing, hunting, onshore development and pollution.  

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• 06:00 Using a complex systems approach to study educational policy

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  Educational policy is controversial: positions on achievement gaps, troubled schools and class size are emotionally charged, and research studies often come to very different conclusions. Researchers propose a new way of looking at it: treat education as a complex system (taking into account all interactions) and use computer modeling and network analysis to provide a comprehensive look at the outcomes of policy choices. This could help integrate insights and better inform educational policy.  

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• 06:00 Webb Telescope sunshield passes launch depressurization tests to verify flight design

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  NASA's James Webb Space Telescope continues to make significant progress, successfully completing a series of sunshield vent tests that validate the telescope's sunshield design.  

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• 06:00 Women's race and class impact contraception recommendations, study shows

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  A woman's race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status impact whether health care providers recommend one of the most highly effective forms of contraception, a study confirms. The results also indicate that the interaction of both factors plays a role in clinicians' decisions.  

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• 06:00 Yersinia pestis bacteria confirmed as cause of Middle Ages 'Black Death' plague epidemic

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  The latest tests conducted by anthropologists in Germany have proven that the bacteria Yersinia pestis was indeed the causative agent behind the "Black Death" that raged across Europe in the Middle Ages.  

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• THURSDAY 7. OCTOBER, 2010
• 21:24 Americans' life expectancy gains continues to fall behind -- but don't blame obesity, smoking, traffic fatalities, and homicide

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  The United States continues to lag behind other nations when it comes to gains in life expectancy, and commonly cited causes for our poor performance -- obesity, smoking, traffic fatalities, and homicide -- are not to blame, according to a new report.  

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• 21:24 Crop failures set to increase under climate change

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  Large-scale crop failures like the one that caused the recent Russian wheat crisis are likely to become more common under climate change due to an increased frequency of extreme weather events, a new study shows.  

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• 21:24 Neural responses indicate our willingness to help

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  Witnessing a person from our own group or an outsider suffer pain causes neural responses in two very different regions of the brain. And, the specific region activated reveals whether or not we will help the person in need. Researchers studied the brain responses of soccer fans and now have neurobiological evidence for why we are most willing to help members of our own group.  

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• 21:24 Surprise: Two wheels safer than four in off-road riding and racing, study finds

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  In research that may surprise off-road riding enthusiasts and safety experts, researchers have found that crashes involving ATVs -- four-wheeled all-terrain vehicles -- are significantly more dangerous than crashes involving two-wheeled off-road motorcycles, such as those used in extreme sports like Motocross.  

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• 21:24 Research identifies the herbal supplements that are effective in treating anxiety

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  A systematic review of research into the use of nutritional supplements for the treatment of anxiety disorders has found strong evidence for the use of extracts of passionflower or kava and combinations of L-lysine and L-arginine. Researcherspooled the results of 24 studies involving a total of more than 2000 participants, showing that some nutritional and herbal supplements can be effective, without the risk of serious side effects.  

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