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66,530 articles from ScienceDaily

• FRIDAY 7. JANUARY, 2011
• 06:00 Quality of life measures in breast cancer clinical trials

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  Quality of life measures tend to be most useful for clinical decision-making in trials in which quality of life is the primary outcome, according to a recent study.  

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• 06:00 Statistical analysis can estimate crop performance

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  Scientists in the UK and Syria have developed a method of accounting for spatial trend in single crop field trials.  

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• 06:00 What carbon cycle? College students lack scientific literacy, study finds

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  Most college students in the United States do not grasp the scientific basis of the carbon cycle -- an essential skill in understanding the causes and consequences of climate change, according to new research.  

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• 06:00 What causes brain cell death in Parkinson's patients?

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  Researchers identify a novel way that neurons die in Parkinson's disease. When they block the process, the neurons survive.  

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• 02:22 Emotional signals are chemically encoded in tears, researchers find

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  Emotional crying is a universal, uniquely human behavior. When we cry, we clearly send all sorts of emotional signals. Scientists have demonstrated that some of these signals are chemically encoded in the tears themselves. Specifically, they found that merely sniffing a woman's tears -- even when the crying woman is not present -- reduces sexual arousal in men.  

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• 02:22 Why some cancers become malignant and others don't

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  Cancer cells reproduce by dividing in two, but a molecule known as PML limits how many times this can happen, according to researchers. The team showed that malignant cancers have problems with this molecule, meaning that in its absence they can continue to grow and eventually spread to other organs.  

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• 02:22 New method to quantify protein changes could advance study, treatment of various diseases including cancer

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  New research has yielded a novel method of analyzing and quantifying changes in proteins that result from a common chemical process. The findings could provide new insights into the effects of a highly destructive form of stress on proteins in various disease models, particularly cancer.  

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• 02:22 Young people say sex, paychecks come in second to self-esteem

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  Young people may crave boosts to their self-esteem a little too much, new research suggests. Researchers found that college students valued boosts to their self-esteem more than any other pleasant activity they were asked about, including sex, favorite foods, drinking alcohol, seeing a best friend or receiving a paycheck.  

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• 02:22 Atlantic sturgeon recovery efforts may benefit from new study tracking oceanic migrations

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  A first-of-its-kind study that tracked the oceanic migrations of adult Atlantic sturgeon that were caught and tagged in the Hudson River discovered that these fish move vast distances in the Atlantic Ocean, traveling as far south as Georgia and as far north as Nova Scotia, Canada. The findings indicate that recovery of Atlantic sturgeon fisheries will need to address long-range oceanic threats to the species in addition to local measures closer to spawning grounds.  

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• 02:22 Routine blood test may identify people with pre-diabetes, cutting later treatment costs

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  A simpler form of testing individuals with risk factors for diabetes could improve diabetes prevention efforts by substantially increasing the number of individuals who complete testing and learn whether or not they are likely to develop diabetes, according to a new study.  

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• 02:22 Deaths from anesthesia during childbirth plummet; Better monitoring, new techniques have reduced mortality rates

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  A new study shows the number of women dying from complications of anesthesia during childbirth have plummeted nearly 60 percent.  

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• 02:22 Elevated rates of 'sarcoid-like' granulomatous pulmonary disease in World Trade Center responders

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  Researchers coordinating the largest clinical study to date of "sarcoid-like" granulomatous pulmonary disease in World Trade Center (WTC) responders have found that the rate of the condition was increased in this group as compared to the records of pre-9/11 FDNY personnel.  

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• 02:22 Secondhand television exposure linked to eating disorders

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  The risk of eating disorders among Fijian schoolgirls increased when friends and classmates in their social network were exposed to mass media, independently of their own viewing or access to a television at home.  

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• 02:22 Stem cell discovery could lead to improved bone marrow transplants

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  Researchers have identified a key molecule for establishing blood stem cells in their niche within the bone marrow. The findings may lead to improvements in the safety and efficiency of bone marrow transplants.  

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• 02:22 Standing tall is key for success: 'Powerful postures' may trump title and rank

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  New research suggests that posture plays an important role in determining whether people act as though they are really in charge. The research finds that "posture expansiveness," or positioning oneself in a way that opens up the body and takes up space, activates a sense of power that produces behavioral changes in a person independent of their actual rank or hierarchical role in an organization.  

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• 02:22 Sulfur proves important in the formation of gold mines

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  Collaborating with an international research team, an economic geologist has discovered how gold-rich magma is produced, unveiling an all-important step in the formation of gold mines. Robert Linnen found sulfur enhances gold's solubility, and solubility is an important step in forming a gold deposit. The study could lead to a breakthrough in choosing geographic targets for gold exploration.  

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• 02:22 Blood test for Alzheimer's disease?

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  Scientists have developed a novel technology that is able to detect the presence of immune molecules specific to Alzheimer's disease in patients' blood samples. While still preliminary, the findings offer clear proof that this breakthrough technology could be used in the development of biomarkers for a range of human diseases.  

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• 02:22 Regional dialects are alive and well on Twitter: Slang terms like y'all, yinz, koo, coo and suttin predict location of tweet authors

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  Microbloggers may think they're interacting in one big Twitterverse, but computer science researchers find that regional slang and dialects are as evident in tweets as they are in everyday conversations.  

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• 02:22 High dietary fat, cholesterol linked to increased risk of breast cancer

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  Elevated fat and cholesterol levels found in a typical American-style diet play an important role in the growth and spread of breast cancer, say researchers.  

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• 02:22 IVF breakthrough to hit the world market

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  An Australian reproductive biologist has achieved a major breakthrough in IVF technology that is expected to help millions of women around the world who have suffered previous miscarriages after IVF treatment.  

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• THURSDAY 6. JANUARY, 2011
• 23:22 Hidden literary references discovered in the Mona Lisa

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  The Leonardo da Vinci masterpiece, the Mona Lisa, incorporates images inspired by the Roman poet Horace and Florentine poet Petrarch, according to one expert.  

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• 23:22 Border collie comprehends over 1000 object names as verbal referents

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  Researchers at Wofford College discovered that a border collie comprehends the names of over 1000 objects, differentiating between names of objects and orders to fetch them. This research deepens the findings of researchers in Germany, who had discovered a dog that knew the names of a couple of hundred objects. Important questions were left open as to how far a dog could go, and whether the dog really understood that the object names were nouns and not commands to retrieve the object.  

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• 23:22 Neural stem cells maintain high levels of reactive oxygen species, study finds

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  For years, the majority of research on reactive oxygen species (ROS) -- ions or very small molecules that include free radicals -- has focused on how they damage cell structure and their potential link to stroke, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses. However, researchers have shown for the first time that neural stem cells, the cells that give rise to neurons, maintain high levels of ROS to help regulate normal self-renewal and differentiation.  

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• 23:00 British Medical Journal declares MMR study 'an elaborate fraud' -- autism claims likened to 'Piltdown man' hoax

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  The British Medical Journal has declared the 1998 Lancet paper that implied a link between the MMR vaccine and autism "an elaborate fraud." Dr. Fiona Godlee, BMJ Editor in Chief, says "the MMR scare was based not on bad science but on a deliberate fraud" and that such "clear evidence of falsification of data should now close the door on this damaging vaccine scare."  

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• 23:00 Genetic abnormalities identified in pluripotent stem cell lines

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  A multinational team of researchers has documented specific genetic abnormalities that occur in human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cell lines. The published findings highlight the need for frequent genomic monitoring of pluripotent stem cells to assure their stability and clinical safety.  

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